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Large language models are very good at transforming its input to a
different format, such as inputting a
piece of text in one language and transforming
it or translating it to a different language,
or helping with spelling and grammar corrections,
so taking as input a piece of text that may not be
fully grammatical and helping you to fix that up a bit,
or even transforming formats such as inputting HTML and
outputting JSON. So there’s a bunch of applications that I used to write
somewhat painfully with a bunch of regular expressions that
would definitely be much more simply implemented now with a large language
model and a few prompts.
Yeah, I use Chad GPT to proofread pretty much
everything I write these days, so I’m excited to show you
some more examples in the notebook now. So first we’ll import
OpenAI and also
use the same getCompletion helper function that we’ve
been using throughout the videos. And the first thing we’ll do
is a translation task. So large language models are trained
on a lot of text from kind of many sources, a lot
of which is the internet, and this is kind of, of course, in many
different languages. So this kind of imbues the
model with the ability to do translation.
And these models know kind of hundreds of languages
to varying degrees of proficiency. And so we’ll
go through some examples of how to use this capability.
So let’s start off with something simple.
So in this first example, the prompt is
translate the following English text to Spanish. Hi,
I would like to order a blender. And the response is Hola,
me gustaría ordenar una licuadora. And I’m very sorry to all
of you Spanish speakers. I never learned Spanish, unfortunately,
as you can definitely tell.
OK, let’s try another example. So
in this example, the prompt is, tell me what language this is.
And then this is in French, Combien coûte la lampe d’air. And
so let’s run this.
And the model has identified that this is French.
The model can also do multiple translations at once.
So in this example, let’s say, translate the following text to
French and Spanish.
And you know what, let’s add another an English
pirate.
And the text is, I want to order a basketball.
So here we have French, Spanish, and English pirates.
So in some languages, the translation can change
depending on the speaker’s relationship to the listener. And
you can also explain this to the language model. And
so it will be able to kind of translate accordingly.
So in this example, we say, translate
the following text to Spanish in both the
formal and informal forms. Would you like to order a pillow? And
also notice here, we’re using a different delimiter than
these backticks. It doesn’t really matter
as long as it’s kind of a clear separation.
So, here we have the formal and informal.
So, formal is when you’re speaking to someone who’s kind
of maybe senior to you or you’re in a professional situation. That’s when you
use a formal tone and then informal is when you’re speaking to maybe a
group of friends. I don’t actually speak Spanish but my dad does and he says
that this is correct. So, for the next example, we’re going
to pretend that we’re in charge of a
multinational e-commerce company and so the
user messages are going to be in all
different languages and so users are going to be telling us about
their IT issues in a wide variety of languages. So, we
need a universal translator. So, first we’ll just paste in a list of
user messages in a variety of different languages
and now we will loop through
each of these user messages. So, for issue in user messages
and then I’m going to copy over this slightly longer code block.
And so, the first thing we’ll do is ask the model
to tell us what language the issue is in. So, here’s the
prompt. Then we’ll print out the
original message’s language and the issue and then we’ll ask
the model to translate it into English and Korean.
So, let’s run this.
So, the original message in French.
So, we have a variety of languages and then
the model translates them into English and then
Korean and you can kind of see here, so the model says this is French.
So, that’s because the response from this prompt is going
to be this is French. You could try editing this
prompt to say something like tell me what
language this is, respond with only one
word or don’t use a sentence, that kind of thing, if
you wanted this to just be kind of one word. Or
you could kind of ask for it in a JSON
format or something like that, which would probably encourage it to
not use a whole sentence.
And so, amazing, you’ve just built a universal translator. And
also feel free to pause the video and add kind
of any other languages you want to try here, maybe
languages you speak yourself and see how the model
does.
So the next thing we’re going to dive into
is tone transformation. Writing can vary based on kind
of an intended audience, you know, the way that I would
write an email to a colleague or a
professor is obviously going to be quite different
to the way I text my younger brother. And
so ChatGBT can actually also help produce different tones.
So let’s look at some examples. So in this first example, the
prompt is, translate the following from slang
to a business letter. Dude, this is Joe, check out this spec on
the standing lamp.
So, let’s execute this.
And as you can see, we have a much more formal business letter
with a proposal for a standing lamp specification.
The next thing that we’re going to do is to
convert between different formats. ChatGBT is very good at translating between
different formats such as JSON to HTML, you know, XML, all
kinds of things. Markdown.
And so in the prompt, we’ll describe both the input
and the output formats. So here is an example. So
we have this JSON that contains a list
of restaurant employees with their names and email.
And then in the prompt, we’re going to ask the
model to translate this from JSON to HTML. So
the prompt is, translate the following Python
dictionary from JSON to an HTML table with column headers and titles.
And then we’ll get the response from the
model and print it.
So here we have some HTML displaying all
of the employee names and emails.
And so now let’s see if we can actually view this HTML. So
we’re going to use this display function from this Python library. Display HTML
response.
And here you can see that this is a properly formatted HTML table.
The next transformation task we’re going to do is spell
check and grammar checking. And this is a really kind of
popular use for chat GBT. I highly recommend doing this. I
do this all the time. And it’s especially useful when you’re working in
a non-native language. And so here are some examples of some
kind of common grammar and spelling problems and
how the language model can help address these.
So I’m going to paste in a list of sentences that have some kind
of grammatical or spelling errors.
And then we’re going to loop through each of these sentences.
And
ask the model to proofread these.
Proofread and correct. And then we’ll use some delimiters.
And then we will get the response and print it as usual.
And so the model is able to correct all of these grammatical errors.
We could use some of the techniques that we’ve
discussed before. So
to improve the prompt, we could say proofread
and correct the following text.
And rewrite the whole…
And rewrite it.
Corrected
version. If you don’t find
any errors,
just say
no errors found.
Let’s try this.
So this way we were able to… Oh, they’re still using quotes here. But
you can imagine you’d be able to find a way with a little
bit of iterative prompt development to kind of
find a prompt that works more reliably every
single time. And so now we’ll do another
example. It’s always useful to check your text before you
post it in a public forum. And so we’ll go through an example
of checking a review.
And so here is a review about a stuffed panda.
And so we’re going to ask the model to proofread and
correct the review.
Great. So we have this corrected version.
And one cool thing we can do is find the kind of
differences between our original review and the model’s output. So
we’re going to use this
RedLines Python package to do this. And we’re going to get the
diff between the original
text of our review and the model output
and then display this.
And so here you can see the diff between the original review
and the model output and the kind of
things that have been corrected. So the prompt that we used was, uhm,
proofread and correct this review, but you can also make
kind of more dramatic changes, uhm, kind of changes to tone
and that kind of thing. So, let’s try
one more thing. So in this prompt, we’re going to ask the
model to proofread and correct this same review, but
also make it more compelling and ensure that it follows APA style
and targets an advanced reader. And we’re also
going to ask for the output in markdown format. And so
we’re using the same text from the original review up here. So let’s execute
this.
And here we have a expanded APA style
review of the SoftPanda.
So this is it for the transforming video.
Next up we have expanding where we’ll take a shorter prompt and
kind of generate a longer, more freeform response from
a language model.