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词汇提示

1.volcanic eruptions 火山爆发

2.molten 熔化的

3.spectacular explosions of lava 壮观的熔岩爆炸

4.dormant 休眠的

5.tropics 热带

6.unified 统一

7.sugar cane 甘蔗

8.naval base 海军基地

9.claim a diverse heritage 拥有多样化的遗产

原文

Hawaii

Of the fifty states in the United States，forty-nine are located on the mainland of North America.

The other state is Hawaii，which consists of several islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.

Hawaii is known as an especially beautiful and interesting place.

The Hawaiian islands were formed by volcanic eruptions that pushed molten rock，called“lava”，above the surface of the ocean.

Some of the islands no longer have any volcanic activity，but there are still active volcanoes on two Hawaiian islands Oahu and the“big island”（which is known as simply as Hawaii）.

One of these volcanoes，Mauna Loa，still erupts sometimes，with spectacular explosions of lava.

Another volcano，called Mauna Kea，is now dormant.

These volcanoes are both very tall and reach over 4000 meters above sea level.

The air above Mauna Kea is so clear and thin that scientists use the mountain as a base for observing the stars.

The islands of the Hawaii are located in the tropics，and they are known for their beautiful weather.

The temperatures are usually in the rage of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius，and the days are usually sunny.

This weather allows people to enjoying swimming and surfing on the beautiful beaches of Hawaii.

Despite the sunshine，most of the islands also receive enough rainfall to support many beautiful flowers and trees.

The first people to live in Hawaii were Polynesian groups who arrived from other islands in Pacific，well over 1000 years ago.

The islands were visited by European explorers during the late eighteenth century.

During the early nineteenth century，the islands became unified under a single king.

However，during this time，many Hawaiians died from diseases that were brought by European and American visitors.

The Hawaii islands are excellent places for growing sugar cane and pineapples.

In the late eighteenth century，some Americans became large farms，called“plantations”in Hawaii.

The Americans eventually gained the control of the government，and Hawaii became a territory of the United States.

The United States built a naval base on the island of Oahu，at Pearl Harbor.

This base was attacked by Japan in 1941，but it was soon repaired.

The naval base is still in use today.

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries，there were great demand for labor on the sugar and pineapple plantations.

People came to Hawaii from many lands，and Hawaii became a place of many cultures.

The native Hawaiians mixed with people from places such as Japan，China，Korea，the Philippines，Portugal，and Puerto Rico，as well as the mainland United States.

Today，many Hawaii can claim a diverse heritage .

In 1959，Hawaii became the 50th state of the United States，with the city of Honolulu as its capital.

Today，there are more than one million people in Hawaii，more than half of whom live in Honolulu.

Each year，many people visit Hawaii as tourists，to experience the beauty of these islands.

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