Video

Inyandiko

Isanzure igaragara ni ahantu hanini hashize imyaka irenga miliyari 13.

I galaxy igera kuri tiriyari ebyiri igizwe nikintu kingana na miliyari 20.000

kuzenguruka urugo rwacu.

Mu Nzira Nyamata yonyine,

abahanga bakeka ko hari imibumbe imeze nka miliyari 40

muri zone ituwe yinyenyeri zabo.

Iyo turebye iyo mibare, biragoye kwiyumvisha ko ntawundi muntu uhari.

Byahindura imyumvire yacu ubwacu turamutse tubonye abandi.

Gusa kumenya ko aha hantu hanini hatapfuye byahindura imyumvire yacu hanze,

kandi irashobora kudufasha kurenga amakimbirane yacu adafite akamaro.

Ariko mbere yo gushakisha inshuti zacu nshya, cyangwa abanzi babi,

dufite ikibazo cyo gukemura: Mu byukuri turimo gushaka iki?

[Kurzgesagt intro]

Mu isanzure rinini kandi rishaje,

tugomba gutekereza ko civilisations itangira imyaka miriyoni itandukanye na buriwese,

no kwiteza imbere mubyerekezo bitandukanye n’umuvuduko.

Ntabwo rero tureba intera yimyaka icumi kugeza ku bihumbi magana yumucyo,

turimo gushakisha umuco kuva kuri cavemen kugeza super Advanced.

Rero, dukeneye urwego rwibitekerezo kugirango dushoboze gutekereza ibitekerezo byiza

ibyo bituma dushobora gushakisha neza.

Hoba hariho amategeko yisi yose ubwoko bwubwenge bukurikiza?

Kugeza ubu ingano yimiterere yicyitegererezo ni imwe gusa,

dushobora rero gufata ibitekerezo bitari byo dushingiye gusa kuri twe ubwacu.

Biracyaza, kuruta ubusa.

Turabizi ko abantu batangiye nta kindi uretse ubwenge n’amaboko yashoboraga kubaka ibikoresho.

Turabizi ko abantu bafite amatsiko, kurushanwa, kurarikira umutungo, no kwaguka.

Ibyinshi muri iyo mico abakurambere bacu bari bafite,

barushijeho gutsinda cyane mumikino yo kubaka umuco.

Kuba umwe na kamere ni byiza,

ariko ntabwo arinzira igana gahunda yo kuhira, cyangwa ifu yimbunda, cyangwa imigi.

Nibyiza rero gutekereza ko abanyamahanga bashoboye kwigarurira umubumbe wabo nabo bafite iyo mico.

Kandi, niba abanyamahanga bagomba gukurikiza amategeko amwe ya fiziki,

noneho hariho ibipimo byapimwe byiterambere: Gukoresha ingufu.

Iterambere ryabantu rishobora gupimwa neza cyane nimbaraga twakuye mubidukikije,

nuburyo twagize akamaro ko gukora ibintu.

Twatangiranye n’imitsi, kugeza igihe twize kugenzura umuriro.

Hanyuma twakoze imashini zikoresha ingufu za kinetic ziva mumazi numuyaga.

Mugihe imashini zacu zateye imbere kandi ubumenyi bwibikoresho bwagutse,

twatangiye gukoresha ingufu zegeranye ziva mubihingwa byapfuye twacukuye hasi.

Nkuko gukoresha ingufu zacu byiyongereye cyane, nubushobozi bwimico yacu.

Hagati ya 1800 na 2015, umubare w’abaturage wariyongereye karindwi,

mugihe ikiremwamuntu cyakoreshaga ingufu inshuro 25.

Birashoboka ko iki gikorwa kizakomeza ejo hazaza.

Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bintu, umuhanga Nikolai Kardashev yashyizeho uburyo bwo gushyira mu byiciro imico,

kuva kubatuye mu buvumo kugeza ku mana zitegeka injeje:

Igipimo cya Kardashev; uburyo bwo gutondekanya imico ukoresheje ingufu zabo.

Igipimo cyatunganijwe kandi cyagurwa mu myaka mirongo,

ariko muri rusange ishyira umuco mubyiciro bine bitandukanye.

Ubwoko bwa 1 bwumuco burashobora gukoresha ingufu ziboneka kumubumbe wabo.

Ubwoko bwa 2 sivile ishoboye gukoresha ingufu ziboneka zinyenyeri na sisitemu.

Ubwoko bwa 3 sivile ishoboye gukoresha ingufu ziboneka za galaxy yabo.

Ubwoko bwa 4 civilisation irashobora gukoresha ingufu ziboneka za galaxy nyinshi.

Izi nzego zitandukanye ukurikije gahunda yubunini.

Ninkaho kugereranya ubukoroni bwikimonyo nakarere ka muntu.

Kuri, ibimonyo turagoye kandi bikomeye, dushobora no kuba imana.

Kugirango rero igipimo kirusheho kuba ingirakamaro, dukeneye ibyiciro.

Ku mpera yo hepfo yikigereranyo, hari Ubwoko 0 kugeza Ubwoko bwa 1:

Ikintu cyose uhereye kubahiga-bahiga, kubintu dushobora kugeraho mumyaka magana ari imbere.

Ibi birashobora kuba byinshi muburyo bwamata.

Ariko umuco udakwirakwiza byimazeyo amaradiyo mu kirere

irashobora kuba hafi nkumuturanyi wacu wera cyane, sisitemu ya Alpha Centauri,

kandi ntitwaba dufite uburyo bwo kumenya ko babaho.

Ariko nubwo batanze amaradiyo nkatwe, ntibishobora gufasha cyane.

Ku gipimo cy’inyenyeri, ikiremwamuntu ntigaragara.

Ibimenyetso byacu birashobora kurenza imyaka 200 yumucyo,

ariko iki ni agace gato k’inzira y’Amata.

Kandi niyo umuntu yaba yumva,

nyuma yimyaka mike yumucyo ibimenyetso byacu byangirika murusaku,

ntibishoboka kumenya nkisoko yubwoko bwubwenge.

Uyu munsi, ikiremwamuntu kiri ku rwego rwa 0.75.

Twahinduye umubumbe wacu:

twaremye inyubako nini, zacukuwe kandi zambuwe imisozi,

yakuyeho amashyamba y’imvura, n’ibishanga byumye.

Twashizeho inzuzi n’ibiyaga,

kandi yahinduye imiterere nubushyuhe bwikirere.

Niba iterambere rikomeje, kandi ntitugire Isi idatuwe,

tuzahinduka ubwoko bwuzuye bwa 1 mumyaka magana ari imbere.

Umuco uwo ariwo wose uhinduka Ubwoko bwa 1 ugomba kureba hanze,

kuko birashoboka ko ikiri amatsiko, irushanwa, umururumba no kwaguka.

Intambwe ikurikiraho iganisha ku kwimuka mubwoko bwa 2 iragerageza guhindura no gucukura indi mibumbe numubiri.

Ibi birashobora gutangirana na outposts mumwanya, kwimukira mubikorwa remezo ninganda hafi yumubumbe,

jya kuri koloni, hanyuma urangize uhindure indi mibumbe,

muguhindura ikirere, kuzunguruka, cyangwa umwanya.

Nkuko umuco wagutse kandi ugakoresha ibintu byinshi kandi byinshi n’umwanya,

umunzani wacyo ukoresha ingufu,

aho bigeze rero, barashobora gutangira umushinga munini wo mu bwoko bwa 2 umuco wo hasi ushobora gufata:

gukoresha imbaraga zinyenyeri yabo mukubaka Dyson Swarm.

Iyo megastructure imaze kurangira,

imbaraga zahindutse muburyo butagira imipaka muguhindura sisitemu yo murugo uko babona bikwiye.

Niba bagifite amatsiko, kurushanwa, umururumba no kwagura,

kandi ubu ufite igenzura ryuzuye kuri sisitemu yo murugo,

ibikorwa remezo bitangaje mu mwanya, hamwe ningufu zituruka ku nyenyeri,

umupaka ukurikira wimukira mu zindi nyenyeri imyaka yumucyo.

Kubwoko bwa 2,

intera yizindi nyenyeri zishobora kumva nkintera iri hagati yisi na Pluto idukorera uyumunsi:

Muburyo bwa tekinike,

ariko gusa nishoramari rinini ukurikije igihe, ubuhanga, nubutunzi.

Ibi bitangira inzibacyuho yerekeza ku bwoko bwa 3.

Iyi ntambwe irenze kure cyane

ko bigoye kwiyumvisha neza neza izo mbogamizi zizaba zimeze,

nuburyo bizakemuka.

Bazashobora kubona igisubizo cyintera nini

n’ibihe byurugendo rwimyaka amagana cyangwa ibihumbi?

Bazashobora gushyikirana no gukomeza umuco na biologiya basangiye hagati ya koloni imyaka itandukanye?

Cyangwa bazigabanyamo ibice bitandukanye byubwoko bwa 2?

Ahari n’ubwoko butandukanye?

Hoba hariho ingorane zica hagati yinyenyeri?

Iyo rero ubwoko bwegereye ubwoko bwa 3,

bigoye cyane gusobanukirwa uko bishobora kuba bisa.

Bashobora kuvumbura fiziki nshya, barashobora kumva no kugenzura ibintu byijimye n’imbaraga,

cyangwa gushobora kugenda byihuse kuruta urumuri.

Ntidushobora gusobanukirwa intego zabo, ikoranabuhanga, nibikorwa byabo.

Abantu nibimonyo, bagerageza kumva agace ka galaktike.

Umuco wo mu bwoko bwa 2 urashobora kuba usanzwe ubona ko ikiremwamuntu ari primite kuburyo tutavugana.

Ubwoko bwa 3 bushobora kumva nkaho twumva kuri bagiteri ziba kuri anthill.

Birashoboka ko batanatekereza ko tubizi, cyangwa kubaho kwacu bifite akamaro.

Twashoboraga gusenga gusa kugirango babe imana nziza.

Ariko igipimo ntabwo byanze bikunze kirangirira aha.

Bamwe mu bahanga bavuga ko hashobora kubaho ubwoko bwa 4 na Type 5,

imbaraga zayo zirambuye kuri galaxy cluster cyangwa superclusters,

inyubako zigizwe na galaxy ibihumbi n’ibihumbi byinyenyeri.

Ubwanyuma, hashobora kubaho ubwoko bwa Omega,

gushobora kuyobora isanzure ryose, kandi birashoboka nabandi.

Andika imico ya omega irashobora kuba abaremye isi yacu,

kubwimpamvu zitarenze ubwenge bwacu.

Birashoboka ko bari barambiwe gusa.

Nkuko bifite inenge nkibi byiciro bishobora kuba,

ubu bushakashatsi bwibitekerezo bumaze kutubwira ibintu bishimishije.

Niba ibitekerezo byacu kubyerekeye imiterere yubwoko bugize imico hagati yinyenyeri nukuri,

noneho turashobora kwemeza neza ko ntamuco wubwoko bwa 3 no kurenga hafi yinzira y’Amata.

Ingaruka zabo zishobora kuba zose zirimo,

n’ikoranabuhanga ryabo kure cyane iyacu, kuburyo tudashobora kubura.

I galagisi igomba kumurika nibikorwa byabo mubihumbi bya sisitemu yinyenyeri.

Tugomba gushobora kubona cyangwa kumenya ibihangano byabo cyangwa ingendo hagati yibice bitandukanye byubwami bwabo.

Nubwo umuco wo mu bwoko bwa 3 wabayeho kera, ugapfa urupfu rutangaje,

dukwiye gushobora kumenya bimwe mubisigisigi byingoma yabo.

Ariko abahanga barebye, ntibasanze ibisigisigi byinyenyeri zasaruwe,

kubora megastructures cyangwa inkovu zintambara zikomeye hagati yinyenyeri.

Birashoboka rero ko batari hanze kandi ntibigeze babaho.

Mu buryo bumwe, ibi birababaje cyane, ariko kandi birahumuriza cyane.

Iradusiga galaxy kuri twe nabandi basa natwe.

Imiryango itanga ibyiringiro cyane kugirango ishakishe irashobora kuba ahantu murwego kuva kuri 1.5 kugeza Ubwoko 2.5.

Ntabwo bari gutera imbere cyane kubyumva n’impamvu zabo.

Bashobora kuba barangije megastructures zabo za mbere,

kandi barashobora kuba murwego rwo kwimura abakozi hagati yinyenyeri,

kohereza amakuru menshi cyane mu kirere,

ku bw’impanuka, cyangwa ku bushake.

Birashoboka ko nabo bareba inyenyeri bagashaka abandi.

Noneho na none, birashoboka ko byose twabonye nabi.

Ahari iterambere ryubwoko bwa 2 ntabwo bivuze kwaguka hanze,

n’ubumuntu biracyakuze cyane kubitekereza ukundi.

Kugeza ubu, icyo tuzi rwose ni uko tutarabona umuntu.

Ariko, twatangiye kureba gusa.

Kugeza ubwo amaherezo tuzabona inshuti zidasanzwe za kinyamahanga kandi dushobora kubasaba kudusobanurira amategeko yisi yose,

benshi muritwe tugomba gukora ibintu byo kwiga ubwacu.

Waba usubiye mwishuri uvuye murugo bwa mbere,

cyangwa niba winjiye mucyiciro gishya mubuzima bwawe,

iduka ryacu rirahunitse kandi ryiteguye kubyo ukeneye byose gusubira mwishuri.

Amakaye hamwe n’amakaye kugirango utegure akazi kawe,

udukaratasi na mugs kugirango ibintu bisa neza,

ibyapa byinshi kandi byinshi kugirango uhindure aho urara cyangwa icyumba cyawe muri oasisi yubumenyi.

Dufite amashati mashya kandi kunshuro yambere, swater ya Kurzgesagt.

Ibicuruzwa byose byateguwe kandi bigakorwa nurukundo na Kurzgesagt merch birbs.

Ibicuruzwa byacu ninzira yoroshye yo gushyigikira ibyo dukora no gukomeza amashusho yacu kubuntu.

Mwakoze kureba.

• urusaku rw’imbwa *

Subtitles by: Bruno Andre Fernandes Ortega nabandi